This causes the squamocolumnar junction to move outwards as well, thus exposing it to the acidic pH of the vagina. During reproductive age, the columnar epithelium extends outward onto the ectocervix as the cervix events. At birth and menarche, it is located just within the cervical canal. The neonatal position of the squamocolumnar junction changes with hormonal influences in utero, at puberty, during pregnancy, and after menopause. The position of the squamocolumnar junction varies with age and hormone levels. The squamocolumnar junction is the area in the cervix where the columnar and the squamous epithelium meet. It is the distal portion of the cervix that projects into the vagina. The prevalence of cervical ectropion is about 29 percent in premature female infants and 68 percent in the first month of life due to the transfer of maternal estrogen through the placenta. 43.2 percent of women in China were reported as having cervical ectropion. Thus it was the most prevalent gynecological disorder in that population. Studies show that 54.9 percent of women in Benghazi, Libya, that use oral contraceptive pills and intra-uterine copper devices have cervical ectropion. It is seen more commonly in women taking oral contraceptive pills and less so in women using barrier methods of contraception. The prevalence also depends on the type of contraception used. Cervical ectropion can be found in up to 80% of sexually active adolescents. The prevalence increases with parity but decreases with age 35 and above. The prevalence of cervical ectropion ranges between 17 percent and 50 percent. Cervical ectropion is one of the most commonly found gynecological conditions.
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